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Lights out or lights-out manufacturing is a manufacturing methodology (or philosophy), rather than a specific process. Factories that run lights out are fully automated and require no human presence on-site. Thus, these factories can be run ''with the lights off''. Many factories are capable of lights-out production, but very few run exclusively lights-out. Typically, workers are necessary to set up tombstones holding parts to be manufactured, and to remove the completed parts. As the technology necessary for lights-out production becomes increasingly available, many factories are beginning to utilize lights-out production between shifts (or as a separate shift) to meet increasing demand or to save money. An automatic factory is a place where raw materials enter and finished products leave with little or no human intervention.〔 "Toward the automatic factory" in "Electronic Servicing & Technology" magazine 1982 August 〕〔 "Toward the Automatic Factory: A Case Study of Men and Machines" by Charles Rumford Walker 1977 ISBN 0-8371-9301-X 〕〔 ("Automatic Factory" ) in Time magazine 1953 Sep. 28 〕 One of the earliest descriptions of the automatic factory in fiction was the 1955 short story "Autofac". ==Real world examples== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lights out (manufacturing)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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